animation flicker is obviously caused when the interpolation from frame to frame is "off" mathematically. The render engine is forced to calculate values for location and hue for a pixel without having sufficient precision. It rounds or truncates according to a crude rule rather than a deep, precise rule. Therefore, shades of color/black and objects 'jump around' instead of transitioning in a perfectly smooth arc from one keyframe to the next. I am relieved to have a solution, and since I am building all my scenes from scratch (no legacy files that will have to be scaled up) the pressure is off. Now I am trying to get Mimic to behave! ::::: Opera :::::