ok .. ok ... I'm dating myself but ... show of hands that KNOW the Hollerith code ? umm .. show of hands that know what the code was used for ? errr .. how about, how many have seen and IBM punch card ? When I took data processing in high school (mid 70's), I had to be able to read a punch card using the Hollerith code, not using a machine mind you, look at it, read the holes and translate.