Stay in front view and in object mode. Hit z to take you out of shaded mode so you can see what you're doing. Add an armature (space, add-->armature). This will put you in edit mode. Select the bottom circle of the armature and move it down by 2 units (g, z, -2), then select the top circle and move it down by one unit (g, z, -1). Leave the top circle selected and hit the "e" key--this creates a second bone that is connected to the first one *. Move the end of that bone up by two units so it is at the top of the top sphere. You should have something like the picture above at this point.
- Note that you can also add bones without extruding, but they won't be connected to other bones. This is good for creating multiple legs or things like that where you want them starting at different points and not dependent on one another.