(1) A sort of light that projects a texture onto an area of a surface, completely replacing that surface's own texture, over a set area. (Some other 3D packages have them.) E.g. it seems to be a handy way to put badges on a man's shoulders, where the usual human texture mapping split between front and back makes applying shoulder badges by texture mapping impossible.

(2) Bryce-type booleaning, e.g. making a hole in something by booleaning 2 objects "A and not B", where A is an object, and B is a cylinder the shape of the hole.

(1) I guess you perhaps could use a Gel-light for that. But you can also assign certain areas of the model (vertices/polygons) you want to take a new material, both can be done with P6 upwards. You could remap your whole model if you want to. I don't recall how to do it (it's been a while I used that feature), but I know it can be done.

(2) No Poser 7 cannot do that and I seriously doubt Poser 8 will be able to do that. They would need to add modeling capacities to Poser for that to be accomplished. Would be cool though!

Attached Link: http://www.daz3d.com/i/3d-models/-/decalmaster?item=6862&_m=d

Used to be sold here - now at daz [link above]. 
  

To make a badge in Poser7 I'd say switch to the grouping tool then select the polys where you want it to be - "create prop" in the grouping tool options box that opens whenever you're using the grouping tool and then on the new prop surface "assign UV coords" (make sure the camera is a dead-on facing view to the polys as it maps according to the camera angle - weird but can be handy), then nudge the new prop to just above the original mesh surface so it's viewable - make that surface the parent or whatever ("bend with parent" and all that) and apply your badge and transparency maps to the new prop.

Hope that makes sense. Discovered  a few of these functions recently. Once you get your head around it it's quite a quick and easy process.

Cheers