In a way you can, since Poser will load the same OBJ file for several props. So you could make ONE chain link and import that repeatedly, probably with the help of a Python script that offsets the thing. Ockham made one for me for my modular hallway that works the same way by loading segments :) 
Poser doesn't do REAL instancing though like some other programs. Too bad, really.  It is something I'd wish they'd implement in Poser 8.

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You just can't put the words "Poserites" and "happy" in the same sentence - didn't you know that? LaurieA
  Using Poser since 2002. Currently at Version 11.1 - Win 10.