I don't think there is any way to do this, but one possible solution would be to create an action to automate the process. For example, it might go like this:

1. create a new action and assign a key shortcut
2. start recording
3. duplicate the layer
4. hit Ctrl-T for transform
5. move the reference point to the required position
6. rotate the layer the required amount
7. hit Enter to commit the transform
8. stop recording

Now all you need to do is run the action by hitting the shortcut key and it'll repeat steps 3 through 7 above. Do this the the required number of times and you're done. Of course, this assumes that you're rotating the layer by the same amount each time.

Steve