I googled photoshop filters and found tons of them. Which also led to cartooning tutorials. Not one was the look your looking for.

 

Me, I would import the image into animeStudio or Toonboom to ink because of the inking line controls and fill there then move to a paint app and finish the air brushing there. I tend to use more than one software for everything I do. That would give that hand drawn look. Which BTW is a good way for me as I still can't draw my way out of a wet paper bag with a sharp pencil.

 

So try the paths pen, fill, airbrush. Edge detect on a duplicate can help with your inking. Trace over what you want with path tool combined with erasing what you don't want.

 

Or change the style of toon and go the way others are showing or what you normally see done with DS, Poser, other rendering software.