If the top row is the Blender Internal then the viewport behaviour is as expected as the textured view is to see how UV Mapped images appear on the object in order that adjustments can be made. Plain colour and image mapped will show while procedural textures will only show in a proper render (F12)

The lamp in the BI is casting shadows as evidenced by the black square on the forward face of the cube. Try moving the lamp to a different position to check.  I have tried to set out a scene such as yours and applied the lamp colour only as you say in cycles and everything has a green hue as expected. Without checking your blend file it would be difficult to diagnose the problem properly. The only thing I can think of at the moment is to make sure the material is set to emission and that the size is set large enough to envelope the objects.

Try changing the lamp from point to sun as this will give a uniform light as a test.