I figured it was more than normals. Although I was able, manually, to get it 90% usable by flipping some individual polygons. I have no idea why that should help, but it did. I made the (incorrect) assumption that it would be mo-bettah if more were flipped. Didn't turn out that way.

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Renderosity forum reply notifications are wonky. If I read a follow-up in a thread, but I don't myself reply, then notifications no longer happen AT ALL on that thread. So if I seem to be ignoring a question, that's why. (Updated September 23, 2019)