But why is the astronaut's shadow on the ground so dark, but the front side of the astronaut, which is equally hidden from the sunlight, is nearly as bright as in a CGI image rendered in "no shadows" mode? Is it earthlight? If the earth is rising there, its light will suffer no horizon haze loss from atmosphere; but how many times brighter is (the Earth as seen from the Moon) than (the Moon as seen from Earth)? (I have seen "the old moon in the new moon's arms" plenty of times, i.e. a crescent moon and the rest of the moon can be seen by earthlight shining on it.)

If the earth is just risen there, its nearly horizontal light would shine much more on the standing astronaut than on the ground; but is not illuminating the front of the rock under the tripod at left foreground anything like as much. And likely the astronaut's spacesuit would reflect much more light than the moon's surface.

And I suppose, that a 4th source of light may be the camera's flash.

Does anyone know where on the moon that image was taken? That will decide where the earth is in the sky.