Yes and no. Certain cells in the eye respond to certain colours. If those cells are missing or damaged, the signals don't get to the brain in the first place. Most types of colour blindness are due to a defect in the eye, not the brain. It's possible, assuming the inputs are valid, to give someone a hugely expanded colour range with the right kind of eyes.

As for the brain, yes it's the part that does the actual seeing but as yet, nobody knows how it does it... yet.

Coppula eam se non posit acceptera jocularum.

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