hi all I added a new tutorial to the Brycetech site tonight. It helps explain the difference between "world" mapping and "object" mapping. It will also explain some of the oddities that are often encounted when performing animations and hopefully will aid in a greater understanding of what each of the modes (side, cubic, front, etc) actually do. This tutorial can be found at: http://www.brycetech.com/tutor/bryce/mapping1.html hope this helps someone BT