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Klein Bottle

Fractal Science/Medical posted on Oct 03, 2010
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Description


This is the second in my series on presenting four-dimensional objects as art. The amazing Klein bottle is an object in which the INSIDE IS THE OUTSIDE. Therefore, in our three dimensional Euclidean space, it is a bottle that can hold no liquid. In four-dimensional space, however, it can. This structure has fascinated me since my university days (way back when the earth was still cooling). The Klein bottle was first described in 1882 by the German mathematician Felix Klein. The Klein bottle can be constructed by joining the edges of two Möbius strips together, as described in the following anonymous limerick: A mathematician named Klein Thought the Möbius band was divine. Said he: "If you glue The edges of two, You'll get a weird bottle like mine." In the three dimensional space we inhabit, the Klein bottle can only be constructed in a mathematical sense, and that construction is the rendering you see here. It cannot be physically constructed because this cannot be done without allowing the surface to intersect itself. Like the Möbius strip, the Klein bottle is a two-dimensional differentiable manifold, which is not orientable. Unlike the Möbius strip, the Klein bottle is a closed manifold, meaning it is a compact manifold without boundary. While the Möbius strip can be embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space, the Klein bottle cannot. It can be embedded in four-dimensional space, however, as depicted here. It is for this reason that this rendering is an optical illusion. It can also be constructed by folding a Möbius strip in half lengthwise and attaching the edge to itself. Six colors suffice to color any map on the surface of a Klein bottle; this is the only exception to the Heawood conjecture, a generalization of the four-color theorem, which would require seven. To illustrate this amazing fact, exactly six colors are used in this rendering, and notice that the same color is never next to itself.

Comments (8)


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dochtersions

9:11AM | Sun, 03 October 2010

A very interesting story, more a lesson. But I think your image is much more interesting. It looks exceptionally spectacular.

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greyone

9:21AM | Sun, 03 October 2010

Wow!!! Amazing image and the description that goes with it is something i had no idea about before. The entire idea about a 4th dimension leaves me just sort of bewildered. Your eye to detail on this image such as the same color never repeats next to itself is awesome. Magnificent work and design.

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peedy

10:13AM | Sun, 03 October 2010

Fantastic! Gorgeous colors. Thanks for the info. :-) Corrie

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kepp

11:55AM | Sun, 03 October 2010

superb image

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npauling

7:57PM | Sun, 03 October 2010

This bottle sounds as though it needed very complex work to accomplish it. No matter, it is a fabulous structure with very graceful curves and you have made a wonderful fractal.

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bukbanzi

9:23PM | Sun, 03 October 2010

The "Guru Of Fractal".The Best..

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vxbob

5:09AM | Mon, 04 October 2010

interesting

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afugatt

11:50PM | Mon, 04 October 2010

Beautiful!


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