Space Crop Circle-1 by MagikUnicorn

Bryce • Surrealism • posted on Jul 24, 2011

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Description

Bryce Art Booleans -----SPACE NEWS----- Astronomers Find Largest, Most Distant Reservoir of Water Two teams of astronomers have discovered the largest and farthest reservoir of water ever detected in the universe. The water, equivalent to 140 trillion times all the water in the world's ocean, surrounds a huge, feeding black hole, called a quasar, more than 12 billion light-years away. "The environment around this quasar is very unique in that it's producing this huge mass of water," said Matt Bradford, a scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "It's another demonstration that water is pervasive throughout the universe, even at the very earliest times." Bradford leads one of the teams that made the discovery. His team's research is partially funded by NASA and appears in the Astrophysical Journal Letters. A quasar is powered by an enormous black hole that steadily consumes a surrounding disk of gas and dust. As it eats, the quasar spews out huge amounts of energy. Both groups of astronomers studied a particular quasar called APM 08279+5255, which harbors a black hole 20 billion times more massive than the sun and produces as much energy as a thousand trillion suns. Astronomers expected water vapor to be present even in the early, distant universe, but had not detected it this far away before. There's water vapor in the Milky Way, although the total amount is 4,000 times less than in the quasar, because most of the Milky Way's water is frozen in ice. Water vapor is an important trace gas that reveals the nature of the quasar. In this particular quasar, the water vapor is distributed around the black hole in a gaseous region spanning hundreds of light-years in size (a light-year is about six trillion miles). Its presence indicates that the quasar is bathing the gas in X-rays and infrared radiation, and that the gas is unusually warm and dense by astronomical standards. Although the gas is at a chilly minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 53 degrees Celsius) and is 300 trillion times less dense than Earth's atmosphere, it's still five times hotter and 10 to 100 times denser than what's typical in galaxies like the Milky Way. Measurements of the water vapor and of other molecules, such as carbon monoxide, suggest there is enough gas to feed the black hole until it grows to about six times its size. Whether this will happen is not clear, the astronomers say, since some of the gas may end up condensing into stars or might be ejected from the quasar. Bradford's team made their observations starting in 2008, using an instrument called "Z-Spec" at the California Institute of Technology's Submillimeter Observatory, a 33-foot (10-meter) telescope near the summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii. Follow-up observations were made with the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy (CARMA), an array of radio dishes in the Inyo Mountains of Southern California. The second group, led by Dariusz Lis, senior research associate in physics at Caltech and deputy director of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, used the Plateau de Bure Interferometer in the French Alps to find water. In 2010, Lis's team serendipitously detected water in APM 8279+5255, observing one spectral signature. Bradford's team was able to get more information about the water, including its enormous mass, because they detected several spectral signatures of the water. Thanks Magik

Comments (48)

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MagikUnicorn

4:11PM | Sun, 24 July 2011

PLEASE ZOOOOOOM :)

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Faemike55

4:12PM | Sun, 24 July 2011

Very cool work, Magik!

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brycek

4:14PM | Sun, 24 July 2011

Looks great..love the colors!!

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Bossie_Boots

4:21PM | Sun, 24 July 2011

This is awesome !!

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mininessie

4:32PM | Sun, 24 July 2011

nice colors!!!

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VEDES

4:33PM | Sun, 24 July 2011

EXCELLENT AND MODERN IDEA!!!1

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drifterlee

4:38PM | Sun, 24 July 2011

Cool work, Magik!

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mikeerson

4:41PM | Sun, 24 July 2011

Feels like my face is the crop and the landing platforms are landing on it - lol... sometimes it's easy to be misunderstood on this site... on your last posting of Norway's flag, I hadn't been keeping up on the news... I didn't know what had happened in Norway. you posted a flag with a heart in it... I kept my comment short and said something like a heart at an intersection.... I was lucky at what I said, it could not have been interprited wrong (thank God)... hours after I commented, I saw the story on Norway on the News, I saw their flag... my heart sank thinking I could of said something inappropriate. I checked my comment and said WHEW! ...I was safe I didn't say something that could of caused some sorrow... just thought I'd let ya know, hope all whome you knew are safe. Peace, Mike

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