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~ * Quantum field in spacetime * ~

Poser SteamPunk posted on Sep 01, 2011
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Description


Quantum field theory in curved spacetime is an extension of standard, Minkowski-space quantum field theory to curved spacetime. A general prediction of this theory is that particles can be created by time dependent gravitational fields (multigraviton pair production), or by time independent gravitational fields that contain horizons. Thanks to the equivalence principle the quantization procedure locally resembles that of normal coordinates where the affine connection at the origin is set to zero and a nonzero Riemann tensor in general once the proper (covariant) formalism is chosen; however, interesting new phenomena occur. Even in flat spacetime quantum field theory, the number of particles is not well-defined locally. For non-zero cosmological constants, on curved spacetimes quantum fields lose their interpretation as asymptotic particles. Only in certain situations, such as in asymptotically flat spacetimes (zero cosmological curvature), can the notion of incoming and outgoing particle be recovered, thus enabling one to define an S-matrix. Even then, as in flat spacetime, the asymptotic particle interpretation depends on the observer (i.e., different observers may measure different numbers of asymptotic particles on a given spacetime). Another observation is that unless the background metric has a global timelike Killing vector, there is no way way to define a vacuum or ground state canonically. The concept of a vacuum is not invariant under diffeomorphisms. This is because a mode decomposition of a field into positive and negative frequency modes is not invariant under diffeomorphisms. If t'(t) is a diffeomorphism, in general, the Fourier transform of \exp\left[ ikt'(t) \right] will contain negative frequencies even if k > 0. Creation operators correspond to positive frequencies, while annihilation operators correspond to negative frequencies. This is why a state which looks like a vacuum to one observer can look like a heat bath to another accelerating with respect to the former observer. The most striking application of the theory is Hawking's prediction that Schwarzchild black holes radiate with a thermal spectrum. A related prediction is the Unruh effect: accelerated observers in the vacuum measure a thermal bath of particles. This formalism is also used to predict the primordial density perturbation spectrum arising from cosmic inflation, i.e. the Bunch–Davies vacuum. Since this spectrum is measured by a variety of cosmological measurements—such as the CMB -- if inflation is correct this particular prediction of the theory has already been verified. The theory of quantum field theory in curved spacetime can be considered as a first approximation to quantum gravity. A second step towards that theory would be semiclassical gravity, which would include the influence of particles created by a strong gravitational field on the spacetime (which is still considered classical and the equivalence principle still holds). OK i'm out of mind LOL but i think that this teory is so cool and charming wowowo the timeline will be so cool can voyage in time not do you tHink ? Ok Character mine LM AMARENA other stuff used in credits :-P Smack Orietta

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Comments (21)


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Stormbreaker

4:54PM | Thu, 01 September 2011

Nice. ^_^

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arat

5:00PM | Thu, 01 September 2011

I like that a lot, very nice Ori..

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Avalonne

5:05PM | Thu, 01 September 2011

Wow sweetie...been a long time since I've commented on your work, but I have to say your talents have only grown even better with time....this is definitely a WOW image :-) {{Hugs}}

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Bossie_Boots

5:41PM | Thu, 01 September 2011

Wow one of the best i have seen with this clock superb !!

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wotan

7:57PM | Thu, 01 September 2011

It's very cool and creative... beautiful render!

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Cimaira

8:09PM | Thu, 01 September 2011

Beautiful! Wonderful textures and color palette!

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Jean_C

10:08PM | Thu, 01 September 2011

Superbe image!

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MarWeiss6

11:29PM | Thu, 01 September 2011

Wonderful Work.

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lonely_wolf

3:03AM | Fri, 02 September 2011

Great image!

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Mondwin

5:30AM | Fri, 02 September 2011

Fashinating scene and work my dear!!!Bravissima!V:DDD.Ciao Whylma

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RodolfoCiminelli

5:48AM | Fri, 02 September 2011

Fantastico e molto bello lavoro la mia amica Orietta.....!! Complimento....!!! #:O)

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AKARO

2:01PM | Fri, 02 September 2011

Superbe image. Excellente image.

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missgrin

2:52PM | Fri, 02 September 2011

Fantastic render...

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Magick_Lady

3:17PM | Fri, 02 September 2011

:))))))))))))

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shingleboot

4:27PM | Fri, 02 September 2011

Does it bother anybody when I say I understood every bit of the proposed theory? Beautiful image by the way

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artistheat

7:03PM | Fri, 02 September 2011

Fantastic Image and Lighting

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anitalee

12:05AM | Tue, 13 September 2011

Excellent!

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StudioTjeerd

7:30PM | Thu, 27 October 2011

Stunning work, Orietta!

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miztere

4:31PM | Sun, 13 November 2011

excellent work -since many years : )

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art-digital

10:44AM | Sun, 10 June 2012

splendide , la machine du temps ,bravo

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amaranthine

1:57AM | Sat, 02 March 2013

Stunning work !!!!


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