The Large Hadron Collider by MagikUnicorn
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Description
The Large Hadron Collider
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) over a ten year period from 1998 to 2008, with the aim of allowing physicists to test the predictions of different theories of particle physics and high-energy physics, and particularly for the existence of the hypothesized Higgs boson and of the large family of new particles predicted by supersymmetry. The LHC is expected to address some of the most fundamental questions of physics, advancing the understanding of the deepest laws of nature. It contains six detectors each designed for specific kinds of exploration.
The LHC lies in a tunnel 27 kilometres (17 mi) in circumference, as deep as 175 metres (574 ft) beneath the Franco-Swiss border near Geneva, Switzerland. Its synchrotron is designed to collide opposing particle beams of either protons at up to 7 teraelectronvolts (7 TeV or 1.12 microjoules) per nucleon, or lead nuclei at an energy of 574 TeV (92.0 µJ) per nucleus (2.76 TeV per nucleon-pair). It was built in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and engineers from over 100 countries, as well as hundreds of universities and laboratories.
On 10 September 2008, the proton beams were successfully circulated in the main ring of the LHC for the first time, but 9 days later operations were halted due to a magnet quench incident resulting from an electrical fault. The following helium gas explosion damaged over 50 superconducting magnets and their mountings, and contaminated the vacuum pipe. On 20 November 2009 they were successfully circulated again, with the first recorded proton–proton collisions occurring 3 days later at the injection energy of 450 GeV per beam.[On 30 March 2010, the first collisions took place between two 3.5 TeV beams, setting the current world record for the highest-energy man-made particle collisions, and the LHC began its planned research program.
The LHC will operate at 4 TeV per beam until the end of 2012, 0.5 TeV higher than 2010 and 2011. It will then go into shutdown for 20 months for upgrades to allow full energy operation (7 TeV per beam), with reopening planned for late 2014.
Thanks
Magik
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Comments (54)
fallen21
Excellent work!
DAVER2112
Very cool dipiction. :)
adrie
Cool fractal design Magik, superb done.
flaviok
Fantástica , obra e texto meu amigo, aplausos (5)
Minda
amazing image and Great info magik..
flavia49
excellent
bobrgallegos
Wonderful work on this awesome fractal Magik!! Great informative narrative also.
virginiese
hypnotisant ! bravo !
KnightWolverine
Been following along with this Hadron Collider from the beginning..Only opinion I have is that somethings in life should not be tampered with...I read a blog about them attempting at some point in the near future to recreate a black whole....like I said...somethings should "not" be tampered with...Pandora Box comes to mind here.... With that said...didn't want to take anything away from what the focus was and that's this latest awesome fractal design....Way Cool!
drifterlee
Cool, Magik!
Gunmaster
A terrific, mathematically precise image. Let's hope the knowledge gained from the use of the LHC is used for good...not evil. Gunny
carlx
Cool work and view!!!
Flint_Hawk
Wonderful fractal & great information!
emmecielle
Wonderful fractal work! :)
sandra46
superlative center! ;D
Richardphotos
one was being built near Dallas, but with cost over runs they pulled the plug on the whole project leaving realtors to try and sell a large cavern with many surface buildings. The Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) (also nicknamed the Desertron[1]) was a particle accelerator complex under construction in the vicinity of Waxahachie, Texas that was set to be world's largest and most energetic, surpassing the current record held by the Large Hadron Collider. Its planned ring circumference was 87.1 kilometres (54.1 mi) with an energy of 20 TeV per proton. The project's director was Roy Schwitters, a physicist at the University of Texas at Austin and Harvard University. Dr. Louis Ianniello served as Associate Director.[2] The project was cancelled in 1993 due to budget problems.During the design and the first construction stage, a heated debate ensued about the high cost of the project. In 1987, Congress was told the project could be completed for $4.4 billion, and it gained the enthusiastic support of Speaker Jim Wright of nearby Fort Worth.[4][dubious – discuss] By 1993, the cost projection exceeded $12 billion. A recurring argument was the contrast with NASA's contribution to the International Space Station (ISS), a similar dollar amount.[citation needed] Critics of the project argued that the US could not afford both of them. Early in 1993 a group supported by funds from project contractors organized a public relations campaign to lobby Congress directly,[5] but in June, the non-profit Project on Government Oversight released a draft audit report by the Department of Energy's Inspector General heavily criticizing the Super Collider for its high costs and poor management by officials in charge of it.[6][7] A high-level schematic of the lab landscape during the final planning phases. Congress officially canceled the project October 21, 1993[8] after $2 billion had been spent.[9] Many factors contributed to the cancellation: rising cost estimates; poor management by physicists and Department of Energy officials; the end of the need to prove the supremacy of American science with the collapse of the Soviet Union; belief that many smaller scientific experiments of equal merit could be funded for the same cost; Congress's desire to generally reduce spending; the reluctance of Texas Governor Ann Richards;[10] and President Bill Clinton's initial lack of support for a project begun during the administrations of Richards's predecessor, Bill Clements, and Clinton's predecessors, Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush. However, in 1993, Clinton tried to prevent the cancellation by asking Congress to continue "to support this important and challenging effort" through completion because "abandoning the SSC at this point would signal that the United States is compromising its position of leadership in basic science".[11] The closing of the SSC had adverse consequences for the southern part of the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex, and resulted in a mild recession, most evident in those parts of Dallas which lay south of the Trinity River.[12] When the project was canceled, 22.5 km (14.0 mi) of tunnel and 17 shafts to the surface were already dug, and nearly two billion dollars had already been spent on the massive facility. After the project was canceled, the main site was deeded to Ellis County, Texas, and the county tried numerous times to sell the property. The property was finally sold in August 2006 to an investment group led by the late J.B. Hunt.[15] Collider Data Center has contracted with GVA Cawley to market the site as a tier III or tier IV data center.[16] Chemical company Magnablend bought the property and facilities in 2012.
dochtersions
Very interesting, Magic, and with a great depth.
mininessie
good!
moochagoo
Je croyais qu'il devait créer un trou noir qui devait nous engloutir en une seconde :)
1358
awesome... pure awesome.... (have you ever checked out the "Large Hadron Rap" on youtube... hilarious and informative at the same time.. inspiring!
Glendaw
Fantastic work and interesting info Magik.
mariogiannecchini
Awesome image and Cool Info!
danapommet
A beautiful fractal and fantastic information!
mgtcs
Mesmerizing magic, splendid view! Congratulations!