The English Tower, also known as St. Catherine's Tower or the Lion Tower, stands at the south-east corner of the castle looking out over the sea. Its construction was financed by contributions solicited in England, at least some of which were made in response to a campaign authorized by the Pope who issued indulgences to the contributors. A copy of one such Grant of Indulgence issued in 1414 to Sir William FitzHugh and his wife Dame Margery is preserved in the Museum of the Order of St John in Clerkenwell, London. The tower is regarded as one of the most important well-preserved historical monuments built by the English outside England. The three-storied tower is built on solid bedrock. Its lowest floor originally held dungeons which are now used for storage, but of the greatest interest to the visitor is the hall reached through the northern entrance which is surmounted with the Royal Arms of King Henry IV of England, the arms of six other male members of the Plantagenet Royal Family and the coats-of-arms of noble English families, the chief contributors to the building fund. Among these are such distinguished names as Westmoreland, Percy, Stafford, DeVere and others known in English history. Beyond this entrance is the refectory beautifully restored after the depredations of time and the destruction that the tower suffered from French naval bombardment during the First World War. The medieval aura of this chamber is enhanced by hanging banners, arms and armor and other ornaments that illustrate the period. Included also are banners used by land and naval forces of the Ottoman Turks to whom the castle was surrendered in 1523, showing the evolution of the Turkish flag to it's present form. Top left image shows the entrance to the Grand Hall with the Coat of Arms of many noblemen who served in the castle or contributed to it's construction. Top right image shows the western facade, the antique carved relief of a lion originally adorned the Tomb of King Mausolus, it is because of this relief, the tower was also called "the Lion Tower". Above this lion, one can see the coat of arms of King Henry IV of England. Lower images show some of the interior of the tower. Two reasons for highlighting the English Tower. 1) I'm English 2) None of the others (German,French,Italian,Spanish...) were open. Hope this is of some interest...lots more pictures and history I can add if you like... ? More pictures here http://merseyviewsandmore.shutterfly.com/ if you have a few minutes to spare..