I cannot say that external geometry can sometimes be useful, specially for figures, but for props, hair and simple cloth (shoes, skirt, shirt, collars, etc) I prefer internal geometry.

Quote - “Poser files (.cr2s, pz3s, etc) should never include mesh data (embedded geometry/object).

Why ???? I find very bothering to have external geometry who knows where it is located. Only Poser use external geometry. 3dsMax has internal geometry, Vue also does and Sketchup even has internal textures. What more easier than to have a model with all it needs contained in a single file.

Quote - his page discusses the CRT math, including the increased mass of these very fast electrons.http://www.antonine-education.co.uk/physics_a2/options/Module_8/Topic_1/topic_1.htm
also here:

http://www.exo.net/~pauld/activities/physics/relativitytelevision.htm

What are you going to do? create an assassin TV set ?

Did you know that electrons traveling at very high speed have high energy and what does happen when a high energy hits a target? It produce X Rays, higher the energy harder the X rays. You are making a X ray generator and not a Television CRT tube !!!!

PS1- Who was right and who was wrong, Einstein or Heisenberg ? Forget Tesla, he was crazy.

PS2- My new LED monitor has three gammas: gamma1, gamm2 and gamma3, which one is the right one ?

Quote - Earlier he denied the importance of relativity in Cathode-Ray tube calculations.
Kawecki - do you know the speed of the electrons in a CRT? Does 1 * 10^8 m/s sound fast or what? It's 1/3 the speed of light. At such speeds, the mass of the electron is increased by 25%, and if you do not consider this in deciding how much force is needed to deflect it into the right position, it does not go into the right position.

Did you know that magnets around a CRT have not an uniform magnetic field, magnetic materials used for the magnets are non-linear ? All these errors make electrons go to other place that is not the correct one, so we need to put auxiliary magnets and adjust then manually to make electros go to the right place. Any error introduced by the electron mass increase with speed is insignificant compared to the errors introduced by the real world magnetic field. Perfect magnetic fields only exist in books and are for academics and not engineers.

The second point is that the increase of electron mass with speed was not discovered by Einstein and his Theory, this was afact known many years before Einstein. Also Einstein based his theory on Lorentz's work that has nothing to do with Relativity and it was an aether theory.

Quote - Haven't atomic clocks been used to verify relativistic effects in different rates of the passages of time at different altitudes on Earth, as well?

Yes it was verified, everyday we hear in the news that Relativity has been verified again, I read this since when I was born and able to read.

The question is, has been Relativity really verified ? If you analyze these verifications you will find that are flawed, if have really existed. I shall use Relativity itself to prove this.

There are two theories of Relativity, the Special and the General. What was "verified" millions times is the Special Relativity Theory. The General Theory of Relativity has been verified by only three astronomical observations. Other astronomical theories have produced results that were against with the consequence of the creation dozens of alternative theories (stings, worm holes, spinors,...) and even the need of a mythical dark matter that nobody was able to find until today neither God's particle (It's turning religion now ?). Let us return to what has been proved millions times: The Special Theory of Relativity.

The Special Theory of Relativity has a limited scope of application, the scope was defined by Einstein himself: The Special Theory of Relativity can only be applied to empty space without matter and to objects moving with uniform speed, in other words, no acceleration.

All those "verifications" were made in Earth, rockets, atomic clocks, etc. The Earth is not an empty space, the Earth has mass and so has gravity, you also have the Sun and the Moon, ignoring the other planets. The Earth is not moving with uniform speed, has at least two rotations and so it is a movement with acceleration. Any rocket is subjected to strong accelerations. The Special Theory of Relativity cannot be applied to observation made on Earth beacuse it is beyond the scope of application of the theory. Here is the flaw of these "verifications"

What must be applied to any experiment made on Earth is the General Theory of Relativity that is able to deal with gravitation and accelerarions as happens in Earth. The problem is that General Theory is impossible to apply to an Earth experiment, because it is very very complicated. The Earth is not so simple, it has a lot of movements, is not symetric, has irregular distribuition of mass, a dynamic moving mass that are the oceans amd is stronly inflenced by the Sun and the Moon. Even the Newton's theory that is very simple becomes very difficult to apply where more than two bodies are involved. The consequence is even the very well known and easy Newton's theory, satellites and space flight relies on hundreds of tabulated empirical data collected by observation. Imagine with General Relativity that is nothing easy !

Quote - Yes, I know. I have deal with his ilk before. Until his last posts I didn't realize that I was dealing with a relativity denier, and not with a misinformed person.

I cannot say that I am exactly a realtivity denier, in some way I am. Once I was a great fan of Relativity and Einsteins, but it was long years ago. When I was 14 years old I learned General Relativity, with Special Relativity I was even more younger, don't remember how much younger.

Quote - GPS. And relativity is important in communications using satellites due to the fact that satellites are travelling at a significant fraction of the speed of light.

Significant fraction ??? How much is the speed of light and how much is the speed of Earth ?

How do you know that GPS are really using Relativity ? Much better, how do you know that the GPS products that are sold use satellites and not cell phone towers ?

Quote - The design of cathodic tubes for TV must take in account relativistic mass increase due to the electrons travelling at a very considerable speed.

Realtivity is noy used, nobody designs a cathode ray tube using Relativity and the cathode ray tube was, invented, designed and used well before Relativity was accepted by all the world and this happened only after WWII.

Quote - The same is true for the design of free-electron lasers.There are probably many others that I don't know just now.

Electron lasers???? This much be something very new, I never heard before and I am unable to imagine what it can be.

Quote - And there is something that you should know about electronics. You have to take in account quantum mechanics to design computer circuits, right? Then, you should know that the Dirac equation, one of the fundamental equations of quantum mechanics, incorporates relativity.

All Qunatics Physics used by Electronics is based on non-Relativistics Quantics. It is based on Schoedinger wave equation, Bohr, Pauli and Heisenberg work.

Dirac's Relativistic Quantics is never used in any electronic creation and no Electronic enginner studies Dirac*.* It has no use.*

A simple question, is the speed of light the same in any direction measured on the surface of the Earth ? If yes then Sagnac effect does not exist, if no then Relativity doesn't exist.

Anyway the Theory of Relativity has very little importance because has a very small use and in electronics has no use at all. You don't need Realtivity for television, cell phones, computers, comunications, robots, etc, etc, etc

Quote - Incidentally, that Einstein was right is proven every time you use anything that has a GPS.

Is not in this way. GPS doesn't use Relativity, it gives wrong results and in case where Relativity is used the values must be corrected by the Sagnac effect (speed of light is not always the same)

Quote - Are you familiar with the Michelson-Morley experiment and the Lorentz transformations? That's where the speed limit of the Theory of Relativity comes.

Yes, I know. The purpose of the Michelson-Morley experiment was to measure the absolute speed of Earth. The idea was as the Earth is moving, measuring the speed of light in the direction of the movement and the speed of light in the opposite direct with the difference of speeds we can know the absolute speed of Earth. Michelson-Morley planed carefuly the experiment and did it in 1887. The result was a failure, they were unable to see any difference in any direction of the measured speeds of light. The experiment was revisted, repeated many times and always failed.

This was the fundamental stone of Einstein's Theory of Relativity. As the Michelson-Morley experiment failed to give any differences in light speeds, Eistein postulate that the speed of light is always the same in any direction and independent of any movement. From this postulate Einstein created his theory.

This story is very well known, everybody knows and is repeated thousands of times, but there is more story that nobody knows and nobody tells you:

Do you think that Michelson-Morley were comformed with the failure of their experiment and were happy with Einstein's explanation and then dedicated to the garden of their houses ?  Of course not ! They continued their work, revised their failled experiment, created new experiments and in 1926 they had success and were able to measure the absolute speed of Earth. Everybody knows about their failed experiment, but nobody knows about their successful experiment.

Michelson-Morley were not only the ones, other scientists created other experiments and among them was a guy named Georges Sagnac that in 1913 had also success in measuring the absolute speed of Earth.

As the successful experiments shows that the speed of light is not the same in any direction and this contradicts Einstein's basic postulate on which all his theory was built. In consequence the successful experiments were burried, ignored and send to dusty cold files where almost nobody knew that ever existed.

These experiments remained forgoten and nobody knew about their existence until the 70's. Sagnac experiment was resurrected by other reasons nothing to do with Relativity. Replacing the light sources of the Sagnac experiment by lasers it was posible to create a small, very cheap solid state without moving parts device that was able to measure the absolute speed of something with excellent precission. Something very useful for planes and missiles. It contradicst Eintein's theory ?, who cares, it works, is useful and so, everybody use it today.

Quote - Which shows, kawecki, that your knowledge of physics is quite flawed.

Do you think ? Academic scientific knowledge is something very strange, probably beyond my capabilities of comprehension.

Faraday's homopolar generator violates Einstein't Theory of Relativity, so such abomination cannot exist. If you apply the famous electromagnetism Maxwell's equations as are taught today, such thing cannot work. But if you take a school book any electrical technician can prove that the homopolar generator do work with only basic arithmetic operations and so, we have soldering machines and even Reagan's star war lasers.

Einstein is a myth, his Theory of Relativity is so advanced that only few initiates can understabd. Well, his second theory, the General Theory of Relativity, yes indeed it is, but it is very rarely mentioned. On the other side, his first theory and the most famous and comented one, the Special Theory of Relativity, contrary to all believe and myths, is very simple. You need not to be a genius, everyone with basic knowledge in mathematics and physics can underatnd it without any problem. It can be taught in schools, but if is done, what will happen to the myth ?

Unification of theory has nothing to do with if exist speed limit or not. Unification of theories is possible if each theory can be derived from a bigger theory. If the theories deals with elements that are independent and has nothing to do one with each other, unification never will be possible.

The Einstein's Theory of Relativity is very funny. Einstein took Lorentz Electromagnetic theory, a wave theory. Took from Thomson electron's theory the famous E = mc2, waves and electromagnetism again and then put gravity that was not existent in any theory and then ignored all waves, electromagntism, and electrons remaining only gravity and the imposed speed light limit, limit that doesn't exist in any of these theories.

And why the speed of light must be the speed limit ? It is an imposed condition by the only reason that if something travel faster than light, Eistein's theory is wrong and, you know, Einstein cannot be wrong.

Is not different from the dark ages when Aristotle never could be wrong.

Einstein's theory is conceptually flawed. His theory is based on the observed behaviour of light with the postulate that light are particles (photons), the Newton's theory of light. But Einstein ignored Huygens theory of light, where light is a wave.

Until today nobody was abale to decide is light is a wave or particles and Einstein's theory ignores the wave nature of light and every temptative of Einstein trying to include electromagnetism in his Theory of Relativity ended in fracass.

Techological advances

You have a house, the house has many lights and you have several light switches in the wall to turn on/off the lights. The switches are mechanical assemblies, even not complicated have its cost. You need wires to conect the switches to the lamps, as you have many lamps and many switches you will need lot of meters of wires runing inside the wall and someone to make the electrical installation. All has its cost.

Today microprocessors are very cheap, you have for less than a dollar. You replace the mechanical electic switches by a piece of rubber or plate for touch button, put a microprocessor and send the on/off information by radio waves to the lamps that have a receiver and electronic swith in its sockets. You don't need to have lot of wires running inside the walls, you haven't to pay the wires. The switches or keypad are very much cheaper and the electrical installation becomes very simple, you need less people to make the work and need less qualified workers for the task, so you hire less people and pay them less.

As you use now a microprocessor, you have some processing power, so you can add timers, 20 programings and many things more for zero cost. If you want the light-pad, that once were switches, can calculate elliptic integrals. Other fabricant can offer Bessel functions, and all for a cost much less than the conventional and obsolete electrical installation.

Question: Is it a technological advance ?

Quote - Could it be that all this shit is the same as it ever was and they just keep renaming it and rebranding it to pretend it's an advancement?

In many cases, yes it is. Almost all of the marvelous new technological products are based on a 100-150 years old theory. A fresh released product that you think that is something new and revolutionary is nothing more than a 50 years old conception. Is common to fabricats release a 20 years old product with a new layout and people to believe that is something new.

What really has changed is that products can be very small, the speed of digital electronics improved hundred or thousand times and the most important, the cost. It are very cheap today, so everyone can have it.

Products are conceived and created, but many times its cost is very high, very few people will be able to buy it and so, the product is never released to the market. 30 years later someone finds in the dusty archives the project and find that can be manufactored by reasonable cost and the product is rteleased to the market and propaganda makes believe people that is something new and revolutionary. And many products created today will have to wait 20 or 30 years waiting for the drop of its cost.